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机(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是指利用(yong)机(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的方法，按照图纸的图样和尺寸，使毛坯(pi)的形状(zhuang)、尺寸、相对(dui)位(wei)置(zhi)和性质成为合格零(ling)件的全过程，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺人(ren)员进行加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前所需(xu)要做(zuo)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，避免在加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)过程中发生(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)失(shi)误(wu)，造成经济损失(shi)。
机(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)流程是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件或(huo)者零(ling)件制造加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)步(bu)骤，采(cai)用机(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，直接(jie)改变毛(mao)坯的(de)(de)(de)形状(zhuang)、尺寸和(he)表(biao)面质(zhi)量等(deng)，使其成为零(ling)件的(de)(de)(de)过(guo)程称为机(ji)械(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)流程。比如一个普通(tong)零(ling)件的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)流程是(shi)(shi)粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)-精加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)-装(zhuang)配-检验-包装(zhuang)，就是(shi)(shi)个加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)笼统的(de)(de)(de)流程。
机械加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)艺就是在流程的基础上(shang)，改变(bian)生产(chan)对(dui)象的形状、尺(chi)寸(cun)、相(xiang)对(dui)位置(zhi)和(he)性质等，使其成为成品(pin)或半成品(pin)，是每个(ge)步(bu)骤，每个(ge)流程的详细(xi)说明(ming)，比(bi)如，上(shang)面(mian)说的，粗(cu)加工(gong)(gong)可能包括毛坯制造(zao)，打磨等等，精加工(gong)(gong)可能分为车，钳工(gong)(gong)，铣(xian)床，等等，每个(ge)步(bu)骤就要有(you)详细(xi)的数据(ju)了，比(bi)如粗(cu)糙度要达到多少，公差要达到多少。
技术人员(yuan)根据(ju)产品数(shu)量、设备条(tiao)件和工(gong)(gong)人素质等情(qing)况，确定采(cai)用的工(gong)(gong)艺过程(cheng)，并(bing)将有关内(nei)容写(xie)成工(gong)(gong)艺文件，这种文件就称工(gong)(gong)艺规(gui)程(cheng)。这个就比较有针对性了。每(mei)个厂都可能不太(tai)一样(yang)，因为实(shi)际情(qing)况都不一样(yang)。
